Hardy Kiwi
Hardy kiwi is a deciduous woody vine that can grow up to 20 feet per year. Hardy kiwi readily germinates under a closed canopy and can climb up and smother native vegetation and reduce biodiversity.
Poison Hemlock
Poison hemlock is biennial herbaceous plant that grows as a rosette in the first year and grows a tall flower stalk in the second. Its fern-like leaves are at least 2 feet long and pinnately compound. The stem is hairless, hollow and speckled with purple.
Giant Reed
Giant reed is a perennial grass capable of growing up to 20 feet tall. Its leaves are up to 2 feet long and opposite in arrangement. It flowers in late summer with a purple to silver feathery plume atop its stem.
Jumping Worms
Jumping worms consume organic matter in soil that supplies nutrients to native plant species. The soil disruption leaves soil grainy and damages plant root structures.
Porcelain Berry
Porcelain berry is a perennial, deciduous vine that can grow up to 20 feet long. It produces small greenish-yellow flowers that develop into hard berries in various shades that mature to a bright blue.
Japanese Angelica Tree
The Japanese angelica tree is a deciduous shrub or tree that can grow up to 40’ in height. The tree is multi-stemmed, and the bark is covered in sharp thorns.
Tree of Heaven
Tree of heaven thrives in disturbed habitats but is highly intolerant of shade. Infestations are most commonly found beneath powerlines and along rights of way, as well as in riparian zones, forest edges and openings.
Glossy Buckthorn
Glossy buckthorn is a deciduous shrub, or small tree, that can grow up to 30 ft in height. Bark is dark gray to brown with white lenticels.
Black Locust
Black locusts threaten prairies, savannahs and upland forests. They have an extensive root system that allows them to reproduce clonally, sprouting many clones in one area. As they grow, they’ll form islands of dense canopy which shade out any plants below them.
Norway Maple
Norway maples produce large numbers of seeds which can be widely dispersed due to their winged samaras.
Multi-flora Rose
Multi-flora rose is extremely prolific, producing large amounts of seeds which are dispersed by birds. These seeds can remain viable for 20 years
Border Privet
Border privet is a deciduous shrub that may grow to be 20 ft. tall. It forms dense thickets, shading out native plants. It also displaces native shrubs and seedlings in regenerating forests.
Cattails – Narrowleaf and Hybrid
The dense rhizome mats and thick layer of leaf litter that cattails produce, exclude other plants from growing within cattail stands, making them a threat to biodiversity.
Japanese Barberry
Japanese barberry is a deciduous shrubs that can grow 8 ft. tall. It has grooved stems with single or paired thorns in the nodes.
Dames Rocket
Dames rocket is a flowering biennial that was introduced in North America in the 1600s. During its first year, it grows as a basal rosette. In its second year, its flowering stem grows up to 4 ft. tall. Dames rocket has alternate, lance-shaped leaves with serrate margins.
