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Adult Jumping Worm. The smooth clitellum or band distinguishes it from other earthworm species. Photo Credit: Susan Day, UW Madison Arboretum.

Jumping Worms

COMMON NAME:

Jumping Worm

SCIENTIFIC NAME:

Amynthas spp. and Metaphire spp.

ORIGIN:

East Asia

DESCRIPTION:

Jumping worms appear similar to the common European earthworms with a few distinct differences. The narrow band (clitellum) of a jumping worm is smooth to the body, unlike most other species that have a raised clitellum. The body of the worm has a metallic brown hue and can measure up to 8 inches long. The most distinctive trait is the jumping worm’s crazy behavior, thrashing wildly when held.

ECOLOGY
RESOURCES
DISTRIBUTION

HABITAT:

Jumping worms can colonize landscape environments, forest understory and in compost piles. They are very likely to be found on the soil surface and in the leaf litter.

THREAT:

This species consumes the organic matter in soil that supplies nutrients to native plant species. The soil disruption caused by this species leaves soil grainy and damages plant root structures. Studies have found that in areas of heavy infestation, native plant, soil invertebrate, salamander, and bird populations decline.

MANAGEMENT:

The best management plan we currently have is prevention. Do not buy or transport jumping worms for use in composting, fishing, or gardening. Transporting soil, mulch and plants from contaminated areas can spread jumping worm cocoons to new areas.

SYMPTOMS:

Infected soils will become grainy and full of worm castings. The soil will take on a grainy appearance similar to dried coffee grounds.

WNY PRISM PRIORITY:

WNY PRISM Priority

Tier 3 - Containment

NYS Invasive Species Tiers Chart - Tier Definitions

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:

Additional Resources:

Cornell Cooperative Extension: Jumping Worm Fact Sheet

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources: Jumping Worm

National Park Service: Species Spotlight

NYS Prohibited and Regulated Species - Part 575:

PATHWAYS OF INVASION:

Pathways

The jumping worm was introduced to the southern United States in the late 19^th Century likely on imported plants or other horticultural materials. This worm species can reproduce without mating and transportation of just one individual can result in a new population. Their spread is enhanced through horticultural exchange and in their use as bait.

REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION:

Regional Distribution

Scattered